Swelling around the vaginal opening occurs from time to time and usually resolves on its own. However, if you experience additional unusual symptoms like increased discharge and itching, it could be a sign of an underlying condition.
Indirect Irritation
Chemicals in everyday products such as laundry detergent and bubble baths can irritate the sensitive skin of the vagina, vulva, and labia. Fragranced products and rough toilet paper may also cause irritation. If you have switched to a new product or developed an allergy, you may experience swelling, itching, and burning around your vaginal opening.
Recommendation: Stop using any product that might be causing irritation. If the symptoms subside, it is advisable to avoid that product to prevent future discomfort. If swelling persists, consult a healthcare professional who may prescribe a cream to relieve the symptoms.
Direct Irritation
Items used directly around or in your vagina, such as feminine hygiene products like scented sprays, suppositories, as well as practices like douching and steaming, can also irritate the tissue and lead to itching, irritation, and swelling. Condoms, lubricants, and period products can also cause irritation and inflammation.
Recommendation: Stop using the product that might be causing the irritation. If swelling ceases, you know what caused it. If the swelling persists or worsens, consult a healthcare professional.
Sexual Activity
Friction during sex can cause small tears and other irritations if the vulva and vagina aren’t properly lubricated, leading to vaginal swelling, pain, and irritation.
Recommendation: Use sufficient lubrication during sex to reduce friction. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional.
Vaginitis
Vaginitis refers to inflammation of the vagina and vulva, often caused by bacterial infections, yeast infections, and trichomoniasis. Common symptoms include itching, burning, pain, and abnormal discharge. For more information, check out bacterial vaginosis , yeast infections, and other causes of vaginitis.
Recommendation: If you experience these symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy brings many changes to the body. Pressure on the pelvis can cause blood and other fluids to pool, resulting in swelling and discomfort in the vaginal area.
Recommendation: Rest frequently and avoid standing or sitting for long periods. If symptoms worsen or are accompanied by other signs, consult a healthcare professional.
Gartner’s Duct Cyst
Gartner’s duct is a remnant of a vaginal duct formed during fetal development. If it persists and attaches to the vaginal wall, cysts may develop. These cysts are usually not a cause for concern unless they grow or become infected, which can lead to an abscess. Infected cysts may cause pain and swelling.
Recommendation: If symptoms develop, consult a healthcare professional. Surgery may be required to remove the cyst.
Bartholin’s Gland Cysts
Bartholin’s glands, located on either side of the vaginal opening, produce lubricating fluid. Sometimes, these glands can become blocked and infected, forming cysts or abscesses, leading to swelling and pain in the vaginal area.
Recommendation: If the cyst is small, it may drain on its own and symptoms may resolve. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional. A sitz bath— a warm, shallow tub filled with warm water, sometimes with added salt— can help alleviate pain. In severe cases, antibiotics, drainage, or surgery may be necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What should I do if my private area is swollen?
The treatment for a swollen vulva depends on the cause. If you suspect an allergic reaction, stop using any potentially irritating products. You can apply an over-the-counter (OTC) cortisone cream externally to reduce swelling, but never apply it inside the vagina. A sitz bath (without added fragrance) may also help relieve irritation.
2. What does vulvar swelling look like?
A swollen vulva may appear puffy and red. On darker skin tones, the redness may not be as visible, but it will still feel puffy and tender to the touch. Additional symptoms may vary depending on the cause.
3. When should I consult with a doctor?
If the swelling is accompanied by severe pain, abnormal discharge, fever, or other concerns, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional as soon as possible. Early intervention helps identify the underlying cause and provides appropriate treatment.
Note: Until symptoms subside, avoid engaging in penetrative activities or using products that might irritate the area. Good personal hygiene, wearing breathable underwear, and avoiding harsh chemicals can help prevent similar issues in the future.
